Amicus Curiae (friend of the court) briefs of various groups that were not parties to the lawsuit, but had an interest in the outcome. Known responses to the amicus briefs are also included. Amicus briefs are typically not filed in district court cases because (a) district court judges will base their decisions primarily on the extensive record of sworn testimony heard at trial, and (b) cases do not set a binding precendent unless they reach the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court.